Impact of chronic risperidone use on behavior and survival of 3xTg-AD mice model of Alzheimer's disease and mice with normal aging

Altres ajuts: FLMTV3/2010/062930Psychosis and/or aggression are common problems in dementia, and when severe or persistent, cause considerable patient distress and disability, caregiver stress, and early institutionalization. In 2005, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) determined that atypical antipsychotics were associated with a significantly greater mortality risk compared to placebo, which prompted the addition of an FDA black-box warning. The American College of Neuropsychopharmacology (ACNP) White Paper, 2008, reviewed this issue and made clinical and research recommendations regarding the use of antipsychotics in dementia patients with psychosis and/or agitation. Increased mortality risk has also been described in cerebrovascular adverse events in elderly users of antipsychotics. In the present work, at the translational level, we used male 3xTg-AD mice (PS1M146V, APPSwe, tauP301L) at advanced stages of the disease reported to have worse survival than females, to study the behavioral effects of a low chronic dose of risperidone (0.1 mg/ kg, s.c., 90 days, from 13 to 16 months of age) and its impact on long-term survival, as compared to mice with normal aging. Animals were behaviorally assessed for cognitive and BPSD (behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia)-like symptoms in naturalistic and experimental conditions (open-field test, T-maze, social interaction, Morris water maze, and marble test) before and after treatment. Weight, basal glucose levels, and IPGTT (i.p. glucose tolerance test) were also recorded. Neophobia in the corner test was used for behavioral monitoring. Survival curves were recorded throughout the experiment until natural death. The benefits of risperidone were limited, both at cognitive and BPSD-like level, and mostly restricted to burying, agitation/vibrating tail, and other social behaviors. However, the work warns about a clear early mortality risk window during the treatment and long-lasting impact on survival. Reduced life expectancy and life span were observed in the 3xTg-AD mice, but total lifespan (36 months) recorded in C57BL/6 × 129Sv counterparts with normal aging was also truncated to 28 months in those with treatment. Sarcopenia at time of death was found in all groups, but was more severe in wild-type animals treated with risperidone. Therefore, the 3xTg-AD mice and their non-transgenic counterparts can be useful to delimitate critical time windows and for studying the physio-pathogenic factors and underlying causal events involved in this topic of considerable public health significance

Molecular stratigraphic analysis with raman spectroscopy of the shell of a mussel

Peer Reviewe

Twenty-One New Light Curves of OGLE-TR-56b: New System Parameters and Limits on Timing Variations

Although OGLE-TR-56b was the second transiting exoplanet discovered, only one light curve, observed in 2006, has been published besides the discovery data. We present twenty-one light curves of nineteen different transits observed between July 2003 and July 2009 with the Magellan Telescopes and Gemini South. The combined analysis of the new light curves confirms a slightly inflated planetary radius relative to model predictions, with R_p = 1.378 +/- 0.090 R_J. However, the values found for the transit duration, semimajor axis, and inclination values differ significantly from the previous result, likely due to systematic errors. The new semimajor axis and inclination, a = 0.01942 +/- 0.00015 AU and i = 73.72 +/- 0.18 degrees, are smaller than previously reported, while the total duration, T_14 = 7931 +/- 38 s, is 18 minutes longer. The transit midtimes have errors from 23 s to several minutes, and no evidence is seen for transit midtime or duration variations. Similarly, no change is seen in the orbital period, implying a nominal stellar tidal decay factor of Q_* = 10^7, with a three-sigma lower limit of 10^5.7.Comment: 14 pages, 5 figures, accepted to Ap

Molecular gas at supernova local environments unveiled by EDGE

CO observations allow estimations of the gas content of molecular clouds, which trace the reservoir of cold gas fuelling star formation, as well as to determine extinction via H$_2$ column density, N(H$_2$). Here, we studied millimetric and optical properties at 26 supernovae (SNe) locations of different types in a sample of 23 nearby galaxies by combining molecular $^{12}$C$^{16}$O (J = 1 $\rightarrow$ 0) resolved maps from the EDGE survey and optical Integral Field Spectroscopy from the CALIFA survey. We found an even clearer separation between type II and type Ibc SNe in terms of molecular gas than what we found in the optical using H$\alpha$ emission as a proxy for current SF rate, which reinforces the fact that SNe Ibc are more associated with SF-environments. While A$_V$ at SN locations is similar for SNe II and SNe Ibc, and higher compared to SNe Ia, N(H$_2$) is significantly higher for SNe Ibc than for SNe II and SNe Ia. When compared to alternative extinction estimations directly from SN photometry and spectroscopy, we find that our SNe Ibc have also redder color excess but showed standard Na I D absorption pseudo-equivalent widths ($\sim$1 \AA). In some cases we find no extinction when estimated from the environment, but high amounts of extinction when measured from SN observations, which suggests that circumstellar material or dust sublimation may be playing a role. This work serves as a benchmark for future studies combining last generation millimeter and optical IFS instruments to reveal the local environmental properties of extragalactic SNe.Comment: MNRAS accepted, 17 pages, 8 Figures, 4 Table

The impact of electrospun films of poly(epsilon-caprolactone) filled with nanostructured zeolite and silica microparticles on in vitro histamine formation by Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella Paratyphi A

[EN] This research study originally reports the preparation and characterization of electrospun films based on poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) with high histamine-binding capacity. To this end, submicron PCL fibers filled with nanostructured zeolite or silica (SiO2) microparticles in the 5-20 wt% range were first prepared by solution electrospinning. The resultant electrospun composite fiber mats were thereafter thermally post-treated at 55 degrees C to successfully develop contact-transparent films with reduced porosity and improved mechanical strength. The capacity of the developed composite films to entrap histamine was evaluated in vitro by the culture media method using Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Salmonella Paratyphi A (S. Paratyphi A) foodborne bacteria. Both electrospun zeolite- and SiO2-containing PCL films exhibited high histamine-binding capacity, being more effective for S. aureus. The histamine entrapment performance was significantly higher for the PCL films filled with zeolite due to the enhanced porous structure and more optimal adsorption selectivity of this inorganic filler. The here-developed electrospun composite films can be applied as novel active-scavenging packaging materials to entrap heat-stable histamine and other biogenic amines released from fish and fishery products.This research was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation, and Universities (MICIU) program number AGL2015-63855-C2-1-R and by the EU H2020 YPACK project (reference number 773872). The authors also thank the Republic of Turkey Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policies (TAGEM) and Central Fisheries Research Institute SUMAE) for funding support through the projects TAGEM/HSGYAD/14/A05/P05/70 and TAGEM/HSGYAD/17/A03/P05/133. Figueroa Lopez is a recipient of a Santiago Grisolia (GRISOLIAP/2017/101) grant of the Generalitat Valenciana (GVA) and Torres-Giner is on a Juan de la Cierva-Incorporacion contract (IJCI-2016-29675) from MICIU.Alp-Erbay, E.; Figueroa-López, KJ.; Lagaron, JM.; Çaglak, E.; Torres-Giner, S. (2019). The impact of electrospun films of poly(epsilon-caprolactone) filled with nanostructured zeolite and silica microparticles on in vitro histamine formation by Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella Paratyphi A. Food Packaging and Shelf Life. 22:1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fpsl.2019.100414S11322Alp Erbay, E., Dağtekin, B. B. (Gözü), Türe, M., Yeşilsu, A. F., & Torres-Giner, S. (2017). Quality improvement of rainbow trout fillets by whey protein isolate coatings containing electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) nanofibers with Urtica dioica L. extract during storage. LWT, 78, 340-351. doi:10.1016/j.lwt.2017.01.002Alp-Erbay, E., Yeşi̇lsu, A. F., & Türe, M. (2019). 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Effects of semen processing on sperm function: Differences between swim-up and density gradient centrifugation

Purpose: Andrology research has evolved notoriously in the latest years, particularly since male factor contribution to couple infertility has been undoubtedly demonstrated. However, sperm function investigations results are sometimes contradictory, probably as a result of the use of different sperm processing techniques. In this work, we underwent a systematic functional comparison of human sperm samples simultaneously processed by swim-up and density gradient centrifugation, which are the preferred sperm processing methods used in basic and clinical laboratories. Materials and Methods: To compare functional characteristics of sperm isolated by swim-up and density gradient centrifugation followed by incubation at different times under capacitating conditions. Results: Semen samples processed in parallel by these two procedures resulted in sperm preparations with significant differences in redox state, spontaneous intracellular calcium oscillations, hyperactivation, protein tyrosine phosphorylation, and acrosome reaction responsivity to calcium ionophore. Such differences showed time-dependent specific patterns for spontaneous intracellular calcium oscillations, hyperactivation and protein tyrosine phosphorylation. Sperm retrieved by density gradient centrifugation showed more hyperactivation and tyrosine phosphorylation than swim-up sperm, suggesting a higher degree of capacitation. Conclusions: Our results account for functional differences observed in spermatozoa processed with these two methods and therefore may contribute to a better interpretation of outcomes obtained in different laboratories as well as to improve experimental designs aimed to study sperm physiology and fertility potential.Fil: Hernández Silva, Gabriela. Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán; MéxicoFil: López Torres, Aideé S.. Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán; MéxicoFil: Maldonado Rosas, Israel. Centro de Innovación Tecnológica y Medicina Reproductiva; MéxicoFil: Mata Martínez, Esperanza. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Histología y Embriología de Mendoza Dr. Mario H. Burgos. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Instituto de Histología y Embriología de Mendoza Dr. Mario H. Burgos; ArgentinaFil: Larrea, Fernando. Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán; MéxicoFil: Torres Flores, Víctor. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Treviño, Claudia L.. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Chirinos, Mayel. Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán; Méxic

The Clusters AgeS Experiment (CASE). IV. Analysis of the Eclipsing Binary V69 in the Globular Cluster 47 Tuc

We use photometric and spectroscopic observations of the eclipsing binary V69-47 Tuc to derive the masses, radii, and luminosities of the component stars. Based on measured systemic velocity, distance, and proper motion, the system is a member of the globular cluster 47 Tuc. The system has an orbital period of 29.5 d and the orbit is slightly eccentric with e=0.056. We obtain Mp=0.8762 +- 0.0048 M(Sun), Rp=1.3148 +-0.0051 R(Sun), Lp=1.94 +- 0.21 L(Sun) for the primary and Ms=0.8588 +- 0.0060 M(Sun), Rs=1.1616 +- 0.0062 R(Sun), Ls=1.53 +- 0.17 L(Sun) for the secondary. These components of V69 are the first Population II stars with masses and radii derived directly and with an accuracy of better than 1%. We measure an apparent distance modulus of (m-M)v=13.35 +- 0.08 to V69. We compare the absolute parameters of V69 with five sets of stellar evolution models and estimate the age of V69 using mass-luminosity-age, mass-radius-age, and turnoff mass - age relations. The masses, radii, and luminosities of the component stars are determined well enough that the measurement of ages is dominated by systematic differences between the evolutionary models, in particular, the adopted helium abundance. By comparing the observations to Dartmouth model isochrones we estimate the age of V69 to be 11.25 +- 0.21(random) +- 0.85(systematic) Gyr assuming [Fe/H]=-0.70, [alpha/Fe]=0.4, and Y=0.255. The determination of the distance to V69, and hence to 47Tuc, can be further improved when infrared eclipse photometry is obtained for the variable.Comment: 49 pages, 15 figures, submitted to A